CAN CHRISTIANITY AND FEMINISM COEXIST?

LESSONS FROM THE FIRST WAVE FEMINISM

Authors

  • Vanessa Raquel Meira

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19141/1809-2454.kerygma.v14.n1.p6-21

Keywords:

Feminism, Quakerism, Shakerism, Suffragism

Abstract

This article will reflect on the influence of Christianity on women's emancipation movements that composed the First Wave of Feminism of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. When analyzing some egalitarian Christian movements, we found a pattern of opportunities for women's participation and leadership. In this article, through historical literature review, will be highlighted the religious heritage of the characters who staged the beginning of feminism in the United States. The article reveals that shed light on the religious roots of feminism can inspire religious women who don't have sympathy for contemporary feminism because of anticlericalism and strong criticism against Christianity by sectors of the movement.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ADAMS, K. H.; KEENE, M. L. Alice Paul and the American Suffrage Campaign. Chicago: University Of Illinois Press, 2008.

ALCOFF, L.; CAPUTO, J. D. Feminism, sexuality, and the return of religion. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2011.

BAUER, W. Orthodoxy and Heresy in Earliest Christianity. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1971.

BEAUVOIR, S. O segundo sexo: fatos e mitos. Vol 1. São Paulo: Difusão Europeia do Livro, 1970.

BRAITHWAITE, W. C. The beginnings of Quakerism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1955.

CARREIRA, S. S. G. Shakerismo na América do Norte: ascensão e queda de uma comunidade utópica. Recôncavo: Revista de História da Uniabeu, v. 1, n. 2, p. p. 85-97, jan-jul. 2012. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/31w4sf2>. Acesso em: 23 mai. 2016.

COPPENS, L. M. What american women did: 1789-1920. Jefferson: McFarland & Company, 2007.

CRAWFORD, E. The women's suffrage movement: a reference guide 1866-1928. London: UCL Press, 1999.

FIORENZA, E. S. Word, spirit and power. In: RUETHER, R. R.; MCLAUGHLIN, E. (Eds.). Women of spirit: female leadership in the jewish and christian traditions. New York: Simon and Scuster, 1979.

GOLDENBERG, N. R. Changing of the gods: feminism and the end of traditional religions. Boston: Beacon Press, 1979.

HEWITT, N. A. Feminist Friends: Agrarian Quakers and the emergence of woman's rights in America. Feminist Studies, v. 12, n. 1, p. 27-49, 1986.

HUNT, M. Psychological implications of women’s spiritual health. In: COLE, E.; OCHSHORN, J. (Eds.). Women’s spirituality, women’s lives. Binghamton: Harrington Park Press, 1995.

IMBORNONI, A. M. Women's rights movement in the U.S.: history of the american women's rights movement 1848–1920. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/1f1fgRA>. Acesso em: 16 mai. 2016.

IRWIN, J. L. Womanhood in Radical Protestantism, 1525-1675. New York: The Edwin Mellen, 1979.

LEE, M. S. The Cambridge Companion to Frederick Douglass. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

LOUKES, H. The Quaker contribution. Naperville: SCM Press, 1965.

MASSON, E. M. The Women’s Christian Temperance Union 1874-1898: combating domestic violence. William & Mary Journal of Women and the Law, v. 3, p. 163-188, 1997. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/2IjsjqN>. Acesso em: 21 jun. 2016.

MCHENRY, R. (Ed.). Famous American women: a biographical dictionary from colonial times to the present. Springfield: G&C Merriam Company, 1980.

MICHAELSON, P. H. Religious bases of eighteenth-century feminism: Mary Wollstonecraft and the Quakers. Women's Studies, v. 22, n. 3, p. 281-295, 1993.

NUNES, R. M. M. Anne Hutchinson - Uma Pregadora e Defensora da Liberdade Religiosa em New England. Lisboa, 2009. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Aberta, Lisboa, 2009.

PAGELS, E. The gnostic gospels. New York: Random, 1979.

RAPPAPORT, H. Encyclopedia of women social reformers. Santa Barbara: ABC Clio, 2001. v. 1.

ROWBOTHAM, S. Women in movement: feminism and social action. New York: Routledge, Chapman and Hall, 1992.

RUETHER, R. R. Sexismo e religião: rumo a uma teologia feminista. São Leopoldo: Sinodal, 1993.

RUETHER, R. R. Women and redemption: a theological history. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2012.

SALISBURY, J. E. Pais da Igreja, virgens independentes. São Paulo: Página Aberta, 1995.

WAYNE, T. K. Women's rights in the United States: a comprehensive encyclopedia of issues, events and people. Santa Barbara: ABC Clio, 2015.

WAYNE, T. K. Women's roles in nineteenth-century America. Westport: Greenwood Press, 2007.

WERGLAND, G. Sisters in the Faith: Shaker women and equality of the sexes. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2011.

ZIKMUND, B. B. The Feminist thrust of sectarian Christianity. In: RUETHER, R. R.; MCLAUGHLIN, E. (Eds.). Women of Spirit: female leadership in the jewish and christian traditions. New York: Simon and Scuster, 1979.

Published

2019-07-02

How to Cite

MEIRA, V. R. CAN CHRISTIANITY AND FEMINISM COEXIST? LESSONS FROM THE FIRST WAVE FEMINISM. Kerygma, Engenheiro coelho (SP), v. 14, n. 1, p. 6–21, 2019. DOI: 10.19141/1809-2454.kerygma.v14.n1.p6-21. Disponível em: https://revistas.unasp.edu.br/kerygma/article/view/975. Acesso em: 3 jul. 2024.