The priesthood of Christ and the priesthood of all believers in the theology of Martin Luther

Authors

  • Adriani Rodrigues Milli Centro Universitário Adventista de São Paulo (Unasp)

Abstract

The priesthood of all believers is one the most important ideas in the theology of Martin Luther and has significant implications for ecclesiology, theology of ministry and biblical interpretation, all of them with an impact on the notion of religious authority. Given the importance of all these themes, this article aims at investigating the proper understanding of the foundations of Luther’s thinking on the topic as well as the consistency of this Protestant concept of priesthood and its implications. That will be done by describing the concept of Christ’s priesthood in the context of the theology of Martin Luther, observing how this concept influences Luther’s understanding of the priesthood of all believers.


Keywords: Priesthood of all believers; Martin Luther; Ecclesiology; Religious authority.


O sacerdócio de todos os crentes representa um dos conceitos mais importantes na teologia de Martinho Lutero e possui implicações significativas para a eclesiologia, teologia do ministério e a interpretação bíblica — temas que afetam a noção de autoridade religiosa. Dada a importância de todos esses assuntos, este artigo tem como objetivo investigar a adequada compreensão dos fundamentos do pensamento de Lutero sobre o sacerdócio de todos os crentes, bem como a consistência deste conceito protestante e suas implicações. Isso será realizado por meio da descrição do conceito do sacerdócio de Cristo no contexto da teologia de Martinho Lutero, observando como esse conceito influencia a compreensão de Lutero sobre o sacerdócio de todos os crentes.

Palavras-chave: Sacerdócio de todos os crentes; Martinho Lutero; Eclesiologia; Autoridade religiosa.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ANDERSON, M. E. Gustaf wingren and the swedish luther renaissance. New York: Peter Lang, 2006. (American University Studies, 243).

CARROLL, J. W. As one with authority: reflective leadership in ministry. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 1991.

CULP, K. A. Vulnerability and glory: a theological account. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2010.

EASTWOOD, C. C. The priesthood of all believers: an examination of the doctrine from the reformation to the present day. Eugene: WIPF & Stock, 2009.

GASSMANN, G.; HENDRIX, S. H. Fortress introduction to the lutheran confessions. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1999.

GEORGE, T. Theology of the reformers. Nashville: Broadman, 1988.

GERRISH, B. A. Priesthood and ministry in the theology of Luther. Church History, v. 34, n. 4, p. 404-422. 1965.

GRUDEM, W. Systematic theology: an introduction to biblical doctrine. Leicester; Grand Rapids: InterVarsity; Zondervan, 2000.

GULLEY, N. R. Debate over justification by faith: evangelicals and catholics. Journal of the Adventist Theological Society. v. 20, n. 1-2, p. 113-148, 2009.

JEFFCOAT JÚNIOR., J. R. Martin Luther’s doctrine of ministry. Tese. (Doutorado em Teologia). Drew University, New Jersey, 1989.

KÄRKKÄINEN, V. M. Deification view. In: BEILBY, J. K.; EDDY, P. R. (Eds.). Justification: five views. Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2011.

. Introduction to ecclesiology: ecumenical, historical & global perspectives. Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2002.

. Justification. In: KÄRKKÄINEN, V. M.; DYRNESS, W. A.; MARTINEZ, J. F.; CHAN, S. Global dictionary of theology: a resource for the worldwide church, Downers: InterVarsity, 2008.

LEUPOLD, U. S. Liturgy and hymns. In: PELIKAN, (Ed.). Luther’s works. Saint Louis: Concordia, 1986. v. 53.

LOHSE, B. Martin Luther’s theology: its historical and systematic development. Minneapolis: Fortress, 2011.

. Martin Luther: an introduction to his life and work. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1986.

LUTHER, M. Career of the Reformer IV. In: LEHMANN, H. T. (Ed.). Luther’s works. Philadelphia: Muhlenberg Press, 1960. v. 34.

. Church and Ministry I. In: LEHMANN, H. T. (Ed.). Luther’s works. Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 2003. v. 39.

. Church and Ministry II. In: LEHMANN, H. T. (Ed.). Luther’s works. Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 2003. v. 40.

. Lectures on Deuteronomy. In: AMER, (Ed.). Luther’s works. Saint Louis: Concordia, 1960. v. 9.

. Lectures on Genesis. In: AMER, (Ed.). Luther’s works. Saint Louis: Concordia, 1958. v. 1.

. Lectures on Genesis. In: AMER, (Ed.). Luther’s works. Saint Louis: Concordia, 1967. v. 5.

. Lectures on Genesis. In: AMER, (Ed.). Luther’s works. Saint Louis: Concordia, 1969. v. 6.

. Lectures on Genesis. In: AMER, (Ed.). Luther’s works. Saint Louis: Concordia, 1964. v. 4.

. Lectures on Genesis. In: AMER, (Ed.). Luther’s works. Saint Louis: Concordia, 1960. v. 2.

. Lectures on Titus, Philemon, and Hebrews the catholic epistles. In: AMER, (Ed.). Luther’s works. Saint Louis: Concordia, 1968. v. 29.

. Selected Psalms II. In: AMER, (Ed.). Luther’s works. Saint Louis: Concordia, 1956. v. 13.

. The Catholic Epistles. In: AMER, (Ed.). Luther’s works. Saint Louis: Concordia, 1967. v. 30.

. Word and Sacrament II. In: LEHMANN, H. T. (Ed.). Luther’s works. Saint Louis: Concordia, 1959. v. 36.

MANNERMAA, T. Christ present in faith: Luther’s view of justification. Minneapolis: Fortress, 2005.

MAYES, D. C. Practicing what he preached: how martin Luther lived out his “Universal Priesthood of All Believers”. Dissertação. (Mestrado em Teologia). University of Richmond, Richmond, 1996.

MCGRATH, A. E. Christianity’s dangerous idea: the protestant revolution, a history from the sixteenth century to the twenty-first. New York: Harper One, 2007.

MONTOVER, N. Luther’s revolution: the political dimensions of Martin Luther’s Universal Priesthood. Eugene: Wipf & Stock, 2011. (Princeton Theological Monograph Series).

MONTOVER, N. The political and temporal dimensions of Luther’s doctrine of the priesthood of all believers: a case study. Tese. (Doutorado em Teologia). Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago, 2008.

Downloads

Published

2017-01-09

How to Cite

MILLI, A. R. The priesthood of Christ and the priesthood of all believers in the theology of Martin Luther. Kerygma, Engenheiro coelho (SP), v. 11, n. 2, p. 77–105, 2017. Disponível em: https://revistas.unasp.edu.br/kerygma/article/view/766. Acesso em: 3 jul. 2024.

Issue

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2015)

Section

Artigos

License

Authors who publish on Kerygma must agree to the following terms:

  1. Once accepted for publication, the copyright of articles is automatically transferred to Kerygma.
  2. All material used in the text that is copyrighted by third parties must be duly referenced.
  3. Authors must also retain the reproduction rights of images and tables in their material, if necessary.
  4. The authors guarantee that the submitted text is entirely their authorship and has not been submitted and/or published elsewhere.
  5. The opinions, ideas and concepts expressed in the texts are the sole responsibility of their authors and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Kerygma;
  6. The editors reserve the right to make textual adjustments and adapt to the publication's norms.
  7. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International, which allows sharing of the work with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal. This license allows others to remix, adapt, and build upon your work non-commercially, as long as they give proper credit to you and their new works are not used for commercial purposes. However, users are not required to license those derivative works under the same terms.
  8. The authors agree with the free reproduction of their material by Kerygma, which may adapt, modify, condense, summarize, reduce, compile, expand, alter, mix with other content, include images, graphics, digital objects, infographics and hyperlinks, illustrate, diagram, divide, update, translate and carry out any other transformations, requiring the participation or express authorization of the authors.
  9. The authors agree that Kerygma can distribute the articles through cable, fiber optics, satellite, airwaves or any other system that allows access to the user at a specific time and place, either by free channels or by systems that import payment. Kerygma may also include work in a physical or virtual database, archiving in printed format, storing on a computer, in a cloud system, microfilming and other current forms of archiving or that may still be developed, with or without profit.
  10. Authors are permitted to enter into separate, additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the work in this journal (e.g., publishing it in an institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment in the new publication of its initial publication in this journal.
  11. Kerygma owns the rights to all works published by it. The full reproduction of these texts in other publications, for any other purpose, by any means, requires written authorization from the publisher. The same goes for partial reproductions, such as summary, abstract, portions with more than 500 words of the text, tables, figures, illustrations, etc.
  12. Authors are granted permission and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal websites) at any point before or during the editorial process. This is because it can lead to productive alterations and increase the impact and citation of the published work. (See "The effect of open access and downloads ('hits') on citation impact: a bibliography of studies.")