Genesis and World Chronology

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19141/1809-2454.kerygma.v17.n1.pe01458

Keywords:

Genesis., Chronology, Global flood, Radiocarbon, Dinosaur fossils

Abstract

Distrust of Genesis as history has been fostered by uniformitarian geoscience and Deep Time chronology.   The reality or otherwise of a global flood has a crucial bearing on world history and chronology.  Evidence of disparate kinds favouring such a flood from scripture, from geoscience and from anthropology is presented. Radiocarbon dating, suitably calibrated for the flood discontinuity, substantiates a Compact Time chronology of thousands of years for earth history.  This is reinforced by comparison of flood model radiocarbon dates for ancient near eastern sites with those independently obtained by archaeologists. Further corroboration of the Genesis chronology comes from discoveries of preserved soft tissues, proteins and even DNA in fossil dinosaur bones and in other specimens from throughout the geologic column.   Belief in a recent, rapid creation is credibly defensible by science divested of secular naturalist ideological constructs. Compact Time chronology rehabilitates belief in the historical reality of the Genesis accounts of the origin of life and the origin of death.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

John Walton, School of Chemistry - University of St Andrews, St. Andrews, (Escócia)

Joined the faculty of Dundee University in 1967 and moved to St. Andrews University in 1970, rising to full professor in 1997 and becoming Research Professor in 2007.  He has worked on the application of physical organic methods to organic mechanisms and is known for EPR spectroscopic studies of many kind of radicals.   Recently he has been developing radical-mediated synthetic protocols including those based around: “pro-aromatic” cyclohexadienyl reagents, oxime derivatives, photoredox methods employing titanium dioxide and for research on radical enhancement of heterolysis.  He has published over 300 articles in learned journals as well as 3 books.   He was awarded the Royal Society of Chemistry silver medal for Organic Reaction Mechanisms in 1994 and was elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1995. 

References

AGER, D. V. The new catastrophism: the importance of the rare event in geological history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

ALBRITTION, C. C. Jr. Catastrophic episodes in Earth history. London: Chapman & Hall, 1989.

ALLENTOFT, M. E. et al. The half-life of DNA in bone: measuring decay kinetics in 158 dated fossils. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, v. 279, p. 4724-4733, 2012.

ALLABY, M.; LOVELOCK, J. The Great Extinction. London: Secker & Warburg, 1983.

ANDERSON, C.; EDWARDS, C. Evidence for the Bible. Leominster: Day One Publications, 2014.

ARMITAGE, M. H.; ANDERSON, K. L. Soft sheets of fibrillar bone from a fossil of the supraorbital horn of the dinosaur triceratops horridus. Acta Histochemica, v. 115, p. 603-608, 2013.

AUSTIN, J. J.; SMITH, A. B.; FORTEY, R. A.; THOMAS, R. H. Ancient DNA from amber inclusions: a review of the evidence. Ancient Biomolecules, v. 2, p. 167-176, 1998.

AXE, D. Undeniable: how biology confirms our intuition that life is designed. New York: HarperOne, 2016.

BATTEN, D. Which is the recent aberration? Old-Earth or young-Earth belief? Creation, v. 24, p. 24-27, 2001.

BAILLEUL, A. M. et al. Evidence of proteins, chromosomes and chemical markers of DNA in exceptionally preserved dinosaur cartilage. National Science Review, p. 1-8, 2020.

BAUMGARDNER, J. R. 14-C Evidence for a recent global flood and a young earth. In: VARDIMAN, L.; SNELLING, A. A.; CHAFFIN, E. F. (Eds.) Radioisotopes and the age of the Earth: a young-Earth creationist research initiative, volume ii. El Cajon: Institute for Creation Research, 2005.

BAUMGARDNER, J. R.; SNELLING, A. A.; HUMPHREYS, D. R.; AUSTIN, S. A. Measurable 14C in fossilized organic materials: confirming the young Earth creation-flood model. In: IVEY, R. L. Jr. (Ed.). Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Creationism. Pittsburgh: Creation Science Fellowship, v. 5, p. 127-147, 2003.

BRAUN, E. Proto, Early Dynastic Egypt and Early Bronze I-II of Southern Levant: some uneasy 14C correlations. Radiocarbon, v. 43, p. 1279-1295, 2001.

BROWN, R. H. C-14 Age profiles for ancient sediments and peat bogs. Origins, v. 2, n. 1, p. 6-18, 1975.

BROWN, R. H. The interpretation of C-14 dates. Origins, v. 6, p. 30-44, 1979.

BROWN, R. H. Correlation of C-14 age with the biblical time scale. Origins, v. 17, n. 1, p. 56-65, 1990.

BROWN, R. H. Correlation of C-14 age with real time. Creation Research Society Quarterly, v. 29, p. 45-47, 1992.

BROWN, R. H. Compatibility of biblical chronology with C-14 age. Origins, v. 21, n. 2, p. 66-79, 1994.

BRUINS, H. J.; VAN DER PLICHT, J. Radiocarbon challenges archaeo-historical time frameworks in the Near East: the Early Bronze Age of Jericho in relation to Egypt. Radiocarbon, v. 43, p. 1321-1332, 2001.

CARTER, R. W. Mitochondrial diversity within modern human populations. Nucleic Acid Research, v. 35, n. 9, p. 3039-3045, 2007,

CARTER, R. editor. Evolution’s achilles’ heels. Powder Springs: Creation Book Publishers, 2014.

CLAREY, T. Carved in stone: geological evidence of a worldwide flood. Dallas: Institute for Creation Research, 2020.

COFFIN, H. G.; BROWN, R. H.; GIBSON, L. J. Origin by design. Hagerstown: Review and Herald, 2005.

CUPPS, V. R. Rethinking radiometric dating. Dallas, Institute for Creation Research, 2019.

DONOVAN, S. K. editor. Mass extinctions: processes and evidence. London: Belhaven Press, 1989.

DOUKHAN, J. B. Genesis. Nampa: Pacific Press, 2016. (Seventh-day Adventist international Bible commentary.)

ELDREDGE, N. Reinventing Darwin. London: Orion Publishing, p. 95, 1996.

GALLOWAY, D. J. Design dissected: is the design real? Kilmarnock: Ritchie, 2021.

GESENIUS, H. F. W. Gesenius’ Hebrew grammar, 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1956.

GIEM, P. Carbon-14 content of fossil carbon. Origins, v. 51, p. 6-30, 2001.

HALLAM, A.; WIGNALL, P. B. Mass extinctions and their aftermath. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

HAAS, H. et al. Radiocarbon chronology and the historical calendar in Egypt. In: AURENCHE, O. et al. (Eds.). Chronologies in the Near East, British Archaeological Report S379, part 2, 1987.

HASEL, M. G. Recent developments in Near Eastern chronology and radiocarbon dating. Origins, v. 56, p. 6-31, 2004.

HAWASS, Z. et al. Ancestry and pathology in King Tutankhamun’s family. Journal of the American Medical Association, v. 303, p. 638-647, 2010.

HOLDEN, J. M.; GEISLER, N. The popular handbook of archaeology and the Bible. Eugene: Harvest House, 2013.

HÖSSJER, O.; GAUGER, A. A single-couple human origin is possible. Biocomplexity, n. 1, p. 1-20, 2019.

HOWARD, J. A. In: KOCHI, J. K. (Ed.). Free Radicals, v. 2. New York: Wiley, 1973.

INGOLD, K. U. Inhibition of the autoxidation of organic substances in the liquid phase. Chemical Reviews, v. 61, p. 563-589, 1961.

JOÜON, P. A Grammar of Biblical Hebrew. Rome: Pontificio Istituto Biblico, 1993.

KHAIRAT, R. et al. First Insights into the metagenome of Egyptian mummies using next-generation sequencing. Journal of Applied Genetics, v. 54, p. 309-325, 2013.

KITCHEN, K. A. On the reliability of the Old Testament. Cambridge: William Eerdmans, 2003.

KNAPP, A. B. Mesopotamia, History of (chronology). In: FREEDMAN, D. N. (Ed.). The Anchor Bible Dictionary, Volume 4. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

LIGUORI, N. Echoes of Ararat: a collection of over 300 flood legends from North and South America. Green Forest: Master Books, 2021.

LINGHAM-SOLIAR, T. A unique cross section through the skin of the dinosaur psittacosaurus from China showing a complex fibre architecture. Proceedings Biological Sciences, v. 275, p. 775-780, 2008.

MARVIN, U. B. Impact and its revolutionary implications for geology. In: SHARPTON, V. L.; WARD, D. (Eds.). Global catastrophes in Earth history: an interdisciplinary conference on impacts, volcanism and mass mortality. Geological Society of America Special Paper, v. 247, p. 147–54, 1990.

MCGHEE, G. R., The late Devonian mass extinction: the Frasnian/Famennian crisis. New York: Columbia University Press, 1996.

MAROTA, I.; BASILE, C.; UBALDI, M.; ROLLO, F. DNA Decay rate in papyri and human remains from Egyptian archaeological sites. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, v. 117, p. 310-318, 2002.

MASON, J. Radiometric dating. In: CARTER, R. (Ed.). Evolution’s achilles heels. Powder Springs: Creation Book Publishers, p. 193-213, 2014.

MAYR, E. W. What evolution is. new York: Basic Books, p. 16, 2001.

MELLAART, J. Egyptian and Near Eastern chronology: a dilemma? Antiquity, v. 53, p. 6-22, 1979.

MEYER, S. C. Return of the God hypothesis. New York: Harper Collins, 2021.

MILLER, H. Carbon-14 dated dinosaur bones. https://newgeology.us/presentation48.html (accessed November 2021).

MORELAND, J. P.; MEYER, S. C.; SHAW, C.; GAUGER, A. K.; GRUDEM, W. (Eds.). Theistic evolution; a scientific, philosophical and theological critique. Wheaton: Crossway, 2017.

NELSON, B. C. The deluge story in stone. Ada: Bethany House, 1968.

NISBET, E. G.; PIPER, D. J. W. Ocean science: giant submarine landslides. Nature, v. 392, p. 329–30, 1998.

OARD, M. J. An ice age caused by the genesis flood. El Cajon: Institute for Creation Research, 1990.

PALMER, T. Controversy, catastrophism and evolution: the ongoing debate. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum, 1999.

PAWLICKI, R.; NOWOGRODZKA-ZAGORSKA, M. Blood vessels and red blood cells preserved in dinosaur bones. Annals of Anatomy, v. 180, p. 73-77, 1998.

PERLOFF, J. Tornado in a junkyard: the relentless myth of Darwinism. Arlington: Refuge Books, 1999.

PRICE, R.; HOUSE, H. W. Zondervan handbook of biblical archaeology. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2017.

RAMPINO, M. R.; STOTHERS, R. B. Flood basalt volcanism during the past 250 million years. Science, v. 241, p. 663–8, 1988.

RAUP, D. M. Conflicts between Darwin and palaeontology. Field Museum of Natural History Bulletin, v. 50, p. 22-29, 1979.

RAUP, D. M.; SEPKOSKI, J. J. Jr. mass extinctions in the marine fossil record. Science, v. 215, p. 1501–3, 1982.

RAUP, D. M. The nemesis affair. New York; London: Norton, 1986.

REHWINKEL, A. M. The flood. St. Louis: Concordia, 1951.

ROHL, D. M. A test of time. London: Arrow books, 1995.

ROTHWELL, R. G. et al. Sea-level stand emplacement megaturbidites in the Western and Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Sedimentary Geology, v. 135, p. 75-88, 2000.

SARFATI, J. D. The Genesis account. Powder Springs: Creation Book Publishers, 2015.

SCHARPENSEEL H. W.; BECKER-HEIDMANN. P. Twenty-five years of radiocarbon dating soils: paradigm of erring and learning. Radiocarbon, v. 34, p. 541-549, 1992.

SCHWEITZER, M. H.; WITTMEYER, J. L.; HORNER, J. R.; TOPORSKI, J. K. Soft-tissue vessels and cellular preservation in tyrannosaurus rex. Science, v. 307, p. 1952-1955, 2005.

SCHWEITZER, M. H.; WITTMEYER, J. L.; HORNER, J. R. Soft tissue and cellular preservation in vertebrate skeletal elements from the Cretaceous to the present. Proceedings of Biological Sciences, v. 274, p. 183-197, 2007.

SCHWEITZER, M. H. et al. Biomolecular characterization and protein sequences of the campanian Hadrosaur B. Canadensis. Science, v. 324, p. 626-631, 2009.

SCHWEITZER, M. H. Soft tissue preservation in terrestrial Mesozoic vertebrates. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 39, p. 187-216, 2011.

SCHWEITZER, M. H. et al. A role for iron and oxygen chemistry in preserving soft tissues, cells and molecules from deep time. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, v. 281 n. 1775, p. 20132741, 2013: doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.2741.

SHEA, J. H. Twelve fallacies of uniformitarianism. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 52, p. 701-702, 1982.

SIMIC, M. G. Free radical mechanisms in autoxidation processes. Journal of Chemical Education, v. 58, p. 125, 1981.

SLOSS, L. L. Sequences in the cratonic interior of North America. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 74, p. 93-114, 1963.

SNELLING, A. A. Earth’s Catastrophic Past, Volume 2. Dallas: Institute for Creation Research, 2009.

TAYLOR, R. E.; BAR-YOSEF, O. Radiocarbon dating, an archaeological perspective, 2nd edition. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press, 2014.

THOMAS, N. Taking leave of Darwin. Seattle: Discovery Institute Press, 2021.

THOMAS; B.; TAYLOR, S. Proteomes of the past: the pursuit of proteins in paleontology. Expert Review of Proteomics, v. 16, p. 881-895, 2019.

VREELAND, R. H.; ROSENZWEIG, W. D.; POWERS, D. W. Isolation of a 250-million-year-old halotolerant bacterium from a primary salt crystal. Nature, v. 407, p. 897-900, 2000.

WALTON, J. C. Compact time: a short history of life on Earth. Kibworth Beauchamp: Matador, 2021.

WALTKE, B. K.; O’CONNOR, M. P. An introduction to biblical Hebrew syntax. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1990.

WHITELAW, R. L. Time, life, and history in the light of 15,000 radiocarbon dates. Creation Research Society Quarterly, v. 7, p. 56-71, 1970.

WILLIAMS, D. Taken without consent; how atheists have hijacked science. United Kingdom: Amazon, 2020.

YOUNG, R. Analytical concordance to the Bible. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1970.

Downloads

Published

2022-01-19

How to Cite

WALTON, J. Genesis and World Chronology . Kerygma, Engenheiro coelho (SP), v. 17, n. 1, p. e01458, 2022. DOI: 10.19141/1809-2454.kerygma.v17.n1.pe01458. Disponível em: https://revistas.unasp.edu.br/kerygma/article/view/1458. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

Issue

Vol. 17 No. 1 (2022): Fluxo contínuo

Section

Dossiê Origens

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Kerygma

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish on Kerygma must agree to the following terms:

  1. Once accepted for publication, the copyright of articles is automatically transferred to Kerygma.
  2. All material used in the text that is copyrighted by third parties must be duly referenced.
  3. Authors must also retain the reproduction rights of images and tables in their material, if necessary.
  4. The authors guarantee that the submitted text is entirely their authorship and has not been submitted and/or published elsewhere.
  5. The opinions, ideas and concepts expressed in the texts are the sole responsibility of their authors and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Kerygma;
  6. The editors reserve the right to make textual adjustments and adapt to the publication's norms.
  7. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International, which allows sharing of the work with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal. This license allows others to remix, adapt, and build upon your work non-commercially, as long as they give proper credit to you and their new works are not used for commercial purposes. However, users are not required to license those derivative works under the same terms.
  8. The authors agree with the free reproduction of their material by Kerygma, which may adapt, modify, condense, summarize, reduce, compile, expand, alter, mix with other content, include images, graphics, digital objects, infographics and hyperlinks, illustrate, diagram, divide, update, translate and carry out any other transformations, requiring the participation or express authorization of the authors.
  9. The authors agree that Kerygma can distribute the articles through cable, fiber optics, satellite, airwaves or any other system that allows access to the user at a specific time and place, either by free channels or by systems that import payment. Kerygma may also include work in a physical or virtual database, archiving in printed format, storing on a computer, in a cloud system, microfilming and other current forms of archiving or that may still be developed, with or without profit.
  10. Authors are permitted to enter into separate, additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the work in this journal (e.g., publishing it in an institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment in the new publication of its initial publication in this journal.
  11. Kerygma owns the rights to all works published by it. The full reproduction of these texts in other publications, for any other purpose, by any means, requires written authorization from the publisher. The same goes for partial reproductions, such as summary, abstract, portions with more than 500 words of the text, tables, figures, illustrations, etc.
  12. Authors are granted permission and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal websites) at any point before or during the editorial process. This is because it can lead to productive alterations and increase the impact and citation of the published work. (See "The effect of open access and downloads ('hits') on citation impact: a bibliography of studies.")