The relationship between typology and intertextuality
Keywords:
Reuse, Typology, Intertextuality, MethodologyAbstract
Typology is the primary—though not the only—way New Testament authors interpret the Old Testament. Consequently, any study of the relationship between the Old and New Testaments must take this field of research into account. Although the typological reading of the Old Testament dates back to the New Testament authors themselves, many aspects of the theory and practice of typology remain controversial today. These include the definition of typology itself, the distinction between typology and allegory, the presence or absence of a predictive element within the Old Testament context, and the relationship between typology and intertextuality. This study addresses the latter aspect. From a methodological standpoint, since typology is understood in light of patterns forged by promise and materialized in a web of correspondences within the canonical context, any discussion of the subject must consider the issue of intertextuality. Consequently, a clear understanding of biblical reuse is fundamental to any exploration of the topic, as typology is ultimately recognized through the rich and multifaceted use of parallels. Regarding intertextuality, there has been considerable confusion—not only methodologically, as evidenced by the acute "parallelomania" affecting academic scholarship in the field, but also conceptually, due to a lack of clarity regarding what intertextuality actually is. Deepening this discussion—by developing a better understanding of intertextuality through a more suitable methodological framework—can contribute to the typological reading of the Old Testament and the relationship between the two Testaments.
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